Tire maintenance methods
1. Do a good job of four-wheel alignment and tire rotation
For vehicles traveling under normal road conditions, it is recommended to perform four-wheel alignment and tire replacement every 10,000 kilometers. Errors in tire alignment and tires that have not been rotated for a long time may cause directional deviation and abnormal tread wear.
2. Frequently check the air pressure
Tire maintenance also includes regular inspection of the air pressure. Tires with exceeding the specified air pressure will greatly reduce the use of the tires, while low-pressure tires will greatly reduce the use of the tires. Tires with higher than specified air pressure will cause time lag in braking effect, difficult or heavy steering, and also reduce the service life of the tires.
3. Always pay attention to the marking line
The tire wear mark is located in each main drainage groove of the tire. It is a rubber boss with a trapezoidal cross-section. When the tire tread is worn to the level of the wear mark, the tire must be replaced. In the rainy season, in order to prevent vehicles from slipping on watery roads, the tire tread depth must be maintained at more than 3mm.
4. Check the condition of the tires
Check the tires frequently to find out early whether there are bulges, cracks, cuts, nails, valve rubber aging and Abnormal tire wear and other conditions. Special attention should be paid to checking the wear of the tire tread and tire edges, which may be caused by poor positioning or abnormal tire pressure.
Wiper blade maintenance methods
1. When using the wiper to remove dust on the windshield surface on a sunny day, be sure to spray glass water and do not dry it. shave.
2. If there are other stubborn and hard dirt on the glass, it should be cleaned by hand. These things can easily damage the wiper blades, causing them to fail to wipe cleanly. In severe cases, the wiper motor will also be affected.
3. When it is necessary to lift the wiper blade for car washing and daily cleaning, hold the “back” of the wiper blade and gently push it back when you put it down. Do not snap the wiper blade back.
4. When using it in winter, you should first use an ice shovel to clean the ice on the surface of the windshield to avoid increasing the burden on the wiper.
5. When heavy rain blurs your vision, if you don’t have a pair of dedicated wipers to wipe away the annoying rainwater, you can imagine the consequences. At this time, it may be too late for you to realize that there is a pair of “healthy” wipers. In order to completely ensure driving safety, you cannot be lazy in maintaining your wipers.
6. Clean the wipers correctly, especially sand, which is the culprit of wiper wear. If you don’t pay attention to cleaning at ordinary times, it will cause increased wear of the wiper.
7. Try to avoid high temperature exposure. The strong high temperature in summer will test the rubber material of the wiper, which will cause deformation or loss of elasticity in the long run.
Spark plug maintenance methods
1. Avoid carbon deposits if left uncleaned for a long time. When the spark plug is in use, the electrodes and skirt insulators will have normal carbon deposits. If these carbon deposits are not cleaned for a long time, they will accumulate more and more, eventually causing the electrodes to leak or even fail to spark. Therefore, carbon deposits should be removed regularly, and do not wait for the spark plug to stop working before cleaning. There are seven taboos when using automobile spark plugs. The Bluebird exhaust side spark plug does not spark.
2. Avoid long-term use. There are many types of spark plugs, but they all have their own economic life. If they are still used after the economic life is exceeded, it will be detrimental to the power and economy of the engine. Studies have shown that as the service life of a spark plug increases, the center electrode end surface will change to a circular arc shape, and the side electrodes will change to a concave arc shape. This shape will increase the electrode gap, cause discharge difficulties, and affect the performance of the engine. normal work.
3. Avoid descaling at will. Some people do not pay attention to cleaning the surface of the spark plug when spraying silver powder on the engine or performing other maintenance, causing the spark plug to leak due to dirty surface. When cleaning the surface, do not use sandpaper, metal sheets, etc. to remove scale easily and quickly. Instead, you should immerse the spark plug in gasoline and remove it with a brush to ensure that the ceramic body on the surface of the spark plug is not damaged.
4. Avoid burning. In reality, some people often use fire to remove carbon deposits and oil stains on the spark plug electrodes and skirts. This seemingly effective method is actually very harmful. Because when burning, the temperature is difficult to control. It is easy to burn the skirt insulator, causing spark plug leakage, and the small cracks produced after the fire are often difficult to find, which brings great trouble to troubleshooting. The correct method to deal with carbon deposits and oil stains on spark plugs 1The first is to clean with special equipment, which will have a good effect; the second is to clean with a solution. Soak the spark plug in alcohol or gasoline for a certain period of time. When the carbon deposits soften, brush them clean with a brush and let them dry.
5. Avoid distinguishing between hot and cold. In addition to different shapes and sizes, spark plugs are also divided into three types: cold type, medium type, and hot type. Generally, engines with high compression ratio and high speed should use cold spark plugs; engines with low compression ratio and low speed should use hot spark plugs, and there are medium-sized spark plugs in between. In addition, the spark plug selection for new or overhauled engines and old engines can be different depending on the actual situation. For example, when the engine is newer, the spark plug should tend to be a hot type; in an old engine that has been used for a long time due to performance degradation, the spark plug is prone to excessive carbon deposits and oil contamination. The spark plug should be medium or cold to improve the spark plug quality. Ability to resist oil stains.
6. Avoid misdiagnosis. When replacing a new spark plug or suspecting that it is faulty and needs to be inspected, you should stop the engine after the locomotive has been running normally for a period, remove the spark plug and observe the color characteristics of its electrodes. There may be the following situations: First, the center electrode is reddish brown, and the side electrodes and If the surrounding area is blue-gray, it indicates that the spark plug has been selected appropriately. Second, there is ablation or melting between the electrodes, and the skirt and insulator are burning white, indicating that the spark plug has been overheated. Third, there are black stripes between the electrodes and the skirt of the insulator. It means the spark plug has leaked. If the spark plug is improperly selected or leaks, a suitable spark plug should be selected.
7. Avoid installing it too tightly. The spark plug must meet the specified torque when installed. When installing with special tools, it generally does not exceed the limit. However, if you use too much force or a torx wrench to install, it will often damage the spark plug porcelain core or cause the screw to slip and the expansion groove to break, causing the spark plug to be scrapped; however, it cannot be installed. If it is too loose, the engine may not work properly.
Brake pad maintenance methods
1. Avoid sudden braking
Emergency braking will cause great damage to the brake pads, so when driving normally, you should brake slowly, or use a point brake method to brake, which will cause less wear on the brake pads.
2. Reduce the frequency of braking
When driving, you should develop a good habit of reducing braking, that is, you can let the engine brake After reducing the speed of the vehicle, use the brakes to further slow down or stop. When driving, you can downshift more to achieve deceleration.
3. Check the brake pads frequently
When the vehicle has been driven for 40,000 kilometers or more than 2 years, the brake pads are severely worn. You should check carefully and regularly to see the thickness of the brake pads. Is there a minimum limit value that can be reduced to the minimum? If it has reached near the limit value, the brake pads need to be replaced. Under normal driving conditions, check the brake pads every 5,000 kilometers. Not only should you check the remaining thickness, but also the wear status of the shoe pads, whether the degree of wear on both sides is the same, and whether they can return freely, etc.
4. Regularly align the wheels
When the vehicle has problems such as deviation, it is necessary to perform four-wheel alignment on the vehicle in time to prevent the vehicle tires from being damaged. Damage, and will cause excessive wear of the brake pads on one side of the vehicle.
5. Pay attention to the sound of the brake pads
If you hear the sound of grinding iron after braking normally while driving, it means that the brake pads have been worn to the brake pads. If the brake disc is damaged, the brake pads must be replaced immediately, and the damage to the brake disc must be carefully inspected.
6. Pay attention to running-in when replacing brake pads
When the vehicle is replaced with new brake pads, be sure to apply the brakes a few more times to eliminate the shoes. The gap between the brake disc and the brake disc causes the first foot of the brake to fail to prevent an accident. In addition, it requires 200 kilometers of running-in to achieve the best braking effect. Newly replaced brake pads must be driven with caution.
Three filter maintenance methods
1. Oil filter maintenance
The engine lubricating oil is During use, it is constantly polluted by metal shavings, dust in the air, and carbon deposits. Among them, the heavy impurities are deposited at the bottom of the oil pan, and the light impurities enter the friction surfaces with the lubricating oil, causing early wear of the mechanical parts. The function of the oil filter is to filter the lubricating oil through the filter to remove dirt. After the filter is used for a certain period of time, a lot of dirt will adhere to the filter element, so the filter should be replaced regularly. Generally speaking, the oil filter and oil should be replaced at the same time. This will help extend the service life of the engine.
For frequently used cars, the oil filter should be replaced every 7500km. Under harsh conditions, such as frequent driving on dusty roads, it should be replaced every 5,000km. Precautions for replacing the oil filter are as follows:
(1) Use an oil filter wrench or appropriate tools to remove the filter to prevent damage to the threaded connections.
(2) Check and clean the oil filter mounting surface. Otherwise, oil leakage may easily occur after installation, resulting in insufficient oil supply.
(3) When installing the oil filter, a layer of engine oil should be applied to the surface of the sealing ring to ensure reliable sealing and prevent damage to the sealing ring.
(4) After starting the engine, check the lubricating oil level. If the oil level is insufficient, add engine oil as required.
2. Air filter maintenance
A dirty air filter will prevent fresh air from entering the cylinder, thus affecting the mixing ratio of air and gasoline. According to tests, approximately 15g of air is needed to completely burn 1g of gasoline. If there is insufficient air entering the cylinder, the mixture cannot be completely burned, which wastes gasoline, the engine power is insufficient, and the exhaust gas contains more HC and CO components, polluting the environment.
The air inevitably contains impurities such as dust, and its content varies with local soil, climate and road conditions. According to tests, when a car is driving on a dusty dirt road, the air filter can filter out about 0.4 to 1.8g of dust for every cubic meter of air sucked in. Most of this dust is silica in terms of its chemical composition. When they enter the friction surface, they will puncture the lubricating oil film, increase the wear of the engine cylinder, and shorten the service life of the engine.
Modern cars mostly use paper air filters. The paper filter element has high filtration efficiency and the dust transmittance is only 0.1% to 0.3%. Using paper air filters can reduce cylinder and piston wear and extend engine service life. The following points should be noted during use and maintenance:
(1) Master the characteristics and cleaning methods of paper filter elements. This filter element uses microporous filter paper with a treated surface. When the engine is working, the air filters out dust through the micropores to ensure that clean air enters the cylinder. During use, a layer of dust will adhere around the filter element. Do not use water or oil when cleaning to prevent oil and water from contaminating the filter element.
There are two commonly used cleaning methods: ① The tapping method, which is to take the filter element out of the shell and gently tap the end face of the paper filter element to make the dust fall off. Do not tap the outer surface of the filter element to prevent damage to the filter element. ② Blow-cleaning method, that is, use compressed air to blow out from the inside of the filter element to blow away the dust. To prevent damage to the filter paper, the compressed air pressure cannot exceed 0.2~0.3MPa.
(2) Clean and replace the filter element regularly. During use, the air filter element should be cleaned frequently according to car maintenance regulations to avoid excessive dust adhering to the filter element, which will increase air intake resistance, reduce engine power, and increase fuel consumption. If the filter element is damaged, it should be replaced in time.
(3) Install correctly to prevent air from entering the cylinder without filtering. When inspecting and maintaining the air filter, the seal on the filter element must be properly installed. If the gasket is aged, deformed or broken, it should be replaced with a new one.
(4) When replacing a new filter element, you should choose the filter element supplied by the original factory. Do not use inferior filter elements. Generally, you can identify high-quality and inferior filter elements from the packaging and appearance. You can also inspect them after installation. After the new filter element is installed, the CO emitted by the car exceeds the standard, and the CO emitted by the car without the filter element reaches the standard, which means that the filter element has poor air permeability and is an unqualified filter element. When purchasing a filter element, I remind everyone to buy it from a regular auto parts store, otherwise it is easy to buy fakes.
3. Fuel filter maintenance
ModernAutomobile gasoline filters mostly use paper filter elements, and the outer casing is sealed with hard plastic, making them consumables.
After the filter is clogged, the resistance of the filter element increases and the gasoline flow is not smooth, causing the fuel level in the filter to rise. You can observe the rising internal oil level from the filter housing, so you can determine whether the filter is clogged.
After the filter element is clogged, the fuel supply is insufficient, the engine power is reduced, the vehicle is unable to drive, and the vehicle speed is reduced. A car with a speed of more than 100km/h can drop to a speed of 70 to 80km/h or even lower, causing poor engine acceleration. Cars such as Audi, Santana and Jetta require fuel filters to be replaced every 15,000km.
When installing a gasoline filter, distinguish the oil inlet and oil outlet. Generally, the oil outlet is at the upper part of the filter, and the oil inlet is at the lower part of the filter. Use the arrow on the filter to Indicates the direction of gasoline flow.
Battery maintenance methods
1. Before parking, stop using the electrical equipment on the vehicle. For example, when we are about to arrive at our destination, we can first turn off the air conditioner, lights and other electrical equipment in the car, and stop using the car charger.
2. After the engine is turned off, stop using the electrical equipment on the vehicle. For example, when we are waiting for someone, we like to turn off the engine and listen to music on the stereo while we wait. Doing so will cause the engine to use the battery alone without starting, thereby increasing battery consumption and reducing battery life.
3. Exposure to the sun is strictly prohibited. Exposure of the car to the sun will cause the battery to lose water due to excessive internal pressure, accelerating the aging of the plates.
4. Regular cleaning and inspection. Regularly clean the dust and other impurities on the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. You can also apply a protective film on the battery surface to keep the battery surface clean.
5. Do not start the vehicle frequently in a short period of time, because the moment the car is ignited and started, the battery load is at its maximum, so starting the vehicle frequently will affect the service life of the battery.
6. Charge the battery in time.
How to maintain car appearance
1. Pay attention to cleaning vehicles
Vehicles on the road every day When walking on the road, you will definitely encounter a lot of stolen goods after being exposed to wind and sun. Therefore, you must clean your vehicle frequently every day, but it is not as casual as wiping away dust. It is best to use a car-specific cleaner or a soap with a low alkalinity. Do not use very alkaline detergents such as washing powder, otherwise it will accelerate the aging of the paint and cause the vehicle to lose its luster.
2. Wipe the car body in time after rain p>
There is a lot of rain in summer, so it is normal for your car to be often exposed to the rain. However, after the rain stops, you must wipe the car body in time. If you do not wipe the rain water in time, if it is exposed to strong sunlight again, the surface of the car will become glossy. will decline, and rainwater contains acidic substances, which will corrode the appearance of the car and affect its aesthetics over a long period of time.
3. Polish the vehicle regularly
After the car has been driven for a period of time, it should be surface polished and waxed. There are a lot of things to pay attention to when waxing a car. There are many professional tools and materials. Before waxing, there are two types of cleaners that should be used. One is One is an abrasive type, which can wipe off the oxidation layer of the surface of the car paint, and the other is a chemical cleaning agent, which can erase oil stains. When the car owner uses it, he should first wash the car body, then apply the cleaning agent, and then use Wipe with towel. When waxing, it is best to use professional tools and avoid waxing under direct sunlight.
Indoor maintenance methods
1. Car owners need to strictly follow the three steps of dust removal, cleaning and maintenance to thoroughly clean and comprehensively maintain the instrument control panel, ceiling, rear cylinder platform, seats, floor velvet, inner door panels, etc. All used in the cleaning process It is a neutral or weakly acidic detergent. Its residue does not produce harmful gases and will evaporate automatically within a few seconds. It is safe and environmentally friendly and will not cause any harm to the human body.
2. The instrument control panel is the most It is easy to accumulate dust and there are many dead spots. Car owners can use a brush when cleaning by themselves. Brush the instrument panel, air conditioner air inlet, switches, buttons, etc. every day to prevent dust from accumulating and making it difficult to remove. If the instrument control panel is dirty, you need to Spray it with a special dashboard cleaner and wipe it clean with a clean soft cloth. After cleaning, you can spray a layer of dashboard wax.
3. The ceiling is a place that is easily overlooked, and once it is When cleaning, there will inevitably be liquid residueLeaves dripping on seats or carpet. Car decoration experts suggest that car owners can use a car vacuum cleaner to remove dust and wait until the car beauty shop performs comprehensive interior maintenance before thoroughly cleaning the ceiling.
4. Seats are the interior parts that car owners come into contact with the most and are most easily stained, so they should cover the seats with cloth seat covers and keep a separate set that can be replaced and cleaned at any time. Car owners should also regularly use leather cleaners and maintenance agents for cleaning and maintenance to prevent leather from aging, fading, and cracking. Experts recommend that leather interior trim in your car be cared for every six months.
5. When the local velvet quilt is soiled, it cannot be removed from the car, which brings great difficulties to the cleaning work. Therefore, most car owners choose to go to a professional car beauty shop for cleaning, and usually do it on the ground. A foot mat is laid on the velvet to facilitate daily cleaning. After cleaning the foot pads, squeeze out the moisture. Professional car beauty shops have special pad washing machines that can clean the floor mats quickly and cleanly.
6. For leather products in the car, professional leather protection is required. Professional car beauty shops are equipped with a complete set of leather care tools, and different tools can be used for different parts.
7. In addition to comprehensive high-temperature sterilization of the air in the car, air purification is also used to focus on several parts of the car that are prone to accumulate dust and bacteria, such as air-conditioning outlets, seats, and floor velvet. Sterilization treatment ensures the complete killing of mites, molds and microorganisms that are invisible to the naked eye, protecting the health of your family and yourself.
Car circuit maintenance methods
1. Check the battery before and after travel
If there is a problem with the battery performance , there will be a power outage or unstable current, which will lead to a series of problems such as the inability of related electronic equipment to function normally; the inability of the vehicle to start normally. Therefore, we need to check the battery before and after traveling, and repair it in time if there is a fault.
2. Be waterproof and moisture-proof
There is a lot of rain and high air humidity in summer, which can easily cause automobile circuits and electronic equipment to get damp and prevent them from working properly. .
Excessive humidity will cause the circuit system to become damp, and long-term exposure to the sun will cause the circuit system to age. Therefore, when parking, we try to choose a place that is ventilated and rainproof. If you are a car driver who often rides in the rain, please make sure your car circuits are waterproof and moisture-proof.
3. Reasonable selection of electronic devices
In order to facilitate driving, car owners often add driving recorders, electronic dogs, navigators, etc. to their cars. equipment. When choosing, we must choose the specifications and models that suit our vehicles, and avoid choosing equipment that exceeds the load.
4. Do an overall inspection every year
In car maintenance, circuit system maintenance is very critical. Yeqiao AutoTong reminds riders that vehicles that have been used for more than three years mayCircuit failures may occur due to scratches, improper use, premature aging of circuits, etc. Therefore, an overall inspection of the automotive circuit system is required at least once a year.
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