[Power transformer] Power transformer specifications, models, classification and functions
What are the power transformer models and specifications?
What are the models of power transformers? There are mainly SZ11 type-35KV series oil-immersed type, SCB10 type-10KV series dry type, S11 type-10KV series oil-immersed type, SCB10 type-20KV series dry type, and SB11 type-20KV series oil-immersed type. Transformers are divided into two types according to cooling methods: oil-immersed and dry-type.
The names of specific transformer models may be slightly different from each manufacturer. Other models on the market are as follows: 35kV-class S9-~ series oil-immersed power transformers, SG-series three-phase dry isolation transformers, CKSC series series reactor, 10KV-level ZPSG series dry-type rectifier transformer, KBSG mining explosion-proof dry-type transformer, 35kV-level S9-~ series oil-immersed power transformer, SG10-type H-level insulated dry-type power transformer, 35KV-level ZS series oil Immersed rectifier transformer, 10kV class S9, S11 series oil-immersed power transformer, S(B)H-M amorphous alloy coil core power transformer, SGB11-R coil core H-class non-encapsulated coil dry-type power transformer, etc. model.
Classification of power transformers
Power transformers are classified according to their uses: boost (power plant 6.3kV/10.5kV or 10.5kV/110kV, etc.), liaison ( Use 220kV/110kV or 110kV/10.5kV between substations), step-down (35kV/0.4kV or 10.5kV/0.4kV for power distribution).
Power transformers are classified according to the number of phases: single-phase and three-phase.
Power transformers are classified according to windings: double winding (each phase is installed on the same core, the primary and secondary windings are wound separately and insulated from each other), three winding (each phase has three windings, the primary and secondary windings are separated winding, mutually insulated), autotransformer (the center tap of a set of windings serves as primary or secondary output). Three-winding transformers require that the capacity of the primary winding be greater than or equal to the capacity of the second and third windings. The percentages of the three winding capacities in the order of high voltage, medium voltage and low voltage are: 100/100/100, 100/50/100, 100/100/50. It is required that the second and third windings cannot operate at full load. Generally, the tertiary winding has a lower voltage and is mostly used for power supply in close areas or for connecting compensation equipment to connect three voltage levels. Autotransformer: There are two types: step-up or step-down. Because of its small loss, light weight and economical use, it is widely used in ultra-high voltage power grids. The commonly used model of small autotransformers is 400V/36V (24V), which is used to power security lighting and other equipment.
Power transformers are classified according to insulation media: oil-immersed transformers (flame-retardant, non-flame-retardant), dry-typeTransformers, 110kVSF6 gas insulated transformers.
The cores of power transformers are all core structures.
The three-phase power transformer configured in general communication projects is a double-winding transformer.
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The role of power transformers
Power transformers are the main equipment in power plants and substations one. The role of the transformer is multi-faceted. It can not only increase the voltage to send electric energy to the power-consuming area, but also reduce the voltage to the voltage used at various levels to meet the needs of electricity. In short, both step-up and step-down must be done by transformers. In the process of transmitting electric energy in the power system, there will inevitably be two losses, voltage and power. When transmitting the same power, the voltage loss is inversely proportional to the voltage, and the power loss is inversely proportional to the square of the voltage. Transformers are used to increase voltage and reduce power transmission losses.
A transformer is composed of two or more coil windings wound on the same iron core. The windings are connected through an alternating magnetic field and work according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. The installation location of the transformer should be convenient for operation, maintenance and transportation, and a safe and reliable place should be selected. When using a transformer, the rated capacity of the transformer must be selected reasonably. When the transformer is running without load, it needs larger reactive power. This reactive power must be supplied by the power supply system. If the capacity of the transformer is chosen to be too large, it will not only increase the initial investment, but also cause the transformer to operate at no-load or light load for a long time, which will increase the proportion of no-load loss, reduce the power factor, and increase network losses. Such operation is neither economical nor practical. Reasonable. If the transformer capacity is too small, the transformer will be overloaded for a long time and the equipment will be easily damaged. Therefore, the rated capacity of the transformer should be selected according to the needs of the electrical load and should not be too large or too small.
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