Structure Principles of Concrete Mixer Truck Maintenance and Maintenance of Concrete Mixer Truck
Introduction
The concrete mixer truck is composed of a car chassis and a special device for concrete mixing and transportation. The chassis of concrete mixer trucks produced in my country mostly adopts the second-class universal chassis provided by the vehicle manufacturer. Its special mechanism mainly includes power take-off, front and rear brackets of the mixing drum, reducer, hydraulic system, mixing drum, operating mechanism, cleaning system, etc. The working principle is to take out the power of the car chassis through the power take-off device and drive the variable pump of the hydraulic system, converting the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and passing it to the quantitative motor. The motor then drives the reducer, and the reducer drives the mixing device to mix the concrete. Stir.
Structural principle
Power take-off device
The domestic concrete mixer truck adopts the main vehicle engine to take the power force mode. The function of the power take-off device is to take out the engine power by operating the power take-off switch, and drive the mixing drum through the hydraulic system. The mixing drum rotates forward during the feeding and transportation process to facilitate the feeding and mixing of concrete, and reverse rotation during discharging. Rotate in the opposite direction and cut off the power connection with the engine after the work is completed.
Hydraulic system
Converts the engine power taken out by the power take-off into hydraulic energy (displacement and pressure), and then outputs it into mechanical energy through the motor (speed and torque), providing power for the rotation of the mixing drum.
Reducer
After decelerating the speed output by the motor in the hydraulic system, it is transmitted to the mixing drum.
The control mechanism
(1) controls the rotation direction of the mixing drum so that it can be used during feeding and transportation. It rotates forward in the center and reversely when discharging.
(2) controls the rotation speed of the mixing drum.
Mixing device
The mixing device mainly consists of a mixing drum and its auxiliary supporting parts. The mixing drum is a loading container for concrete. When rotating, the concrete moves along the spiral direction of the blades and is mixed and stirred during the continuous lifting and turning process. During the feeding and transportation process, the mixing drum rotates forward and the concrete moves inward along the blades. When discharging, the mixing drum rotates reversely and the concrete is discharged outward along the blades.
The blade is the main component of the mixing device. Damage or severe wear will lead to uneven concrete mixing. In addition, if the angle of the blade is not designed reasonably, it will also cause the mixingConcrete segregates.
Cleaning system
The main function of the cleaning system is to clean the mixing drum, and sometimes it is also used to mix dry materials during transportation. The cleaning system also cools the hydraulic system.
Fully enclosed device
The fully enclosed device adopts rotary sealing technology to seal the inlet and outlet of the mixer truck, which solves the problem of water evaporation and A series of problems include mortar delamination, concrete spilling, and driving safety.
Maintenance
As a transport vehicle, concrete mixer trucks must comply with the Ministry of Transportation 1990Year13The maintenance and repair system of “regular inspection, mandatory maintenance, and repair as appropriate” is implemented. Under this general premise, combined with the actual situation of the concrete mixer truck, maintenance and repairs should be carried out. In terms of daily maintenance, in addition to routine maintenance of the engine, chassis and other parts of the concrete mixer truck, the following maintenance work must also be done.
Cleaning concrete storage tanks(Mixing drum)And the inlet and outlet
Because the concrete will It solidifies into a hard block and is corrosive to steel and paint. Therefore, every time a concrete storage tank is used, cleaning the concrete adhering to the concrete storage tank and the inlet and outlet is a daily maintenance task that must be carried out carefully. These include:
a. Rinse the feed port with water before each loading to keep the feed port moist during loading;
b. While loading, fill the cleaning water tank that comes with the vehicle with water;
c. After loading, rinse the feed port and clean the remaining concrete near the feed port;
d． After unloading materials at the construction site, rinse the discharge trough, and then add cleaning water to the concrete storage tank30—40 L; Keep the concrete storage tank rotating slowly in the forward direction when the vehicle returns;
e. Remember to drain the concrete before loading next timeSewage in the storage tank;
f. Thoroughly clean the concrete storage tank and around the inlet and outlet at the end of each day to ensure that there is no cement or concrete agglomeration. As long as the above tasks are not carried out seriously once, it will cause a lot of trouble in future work.
Maintain the drive device
The function of the drive device is to drive the concrete storage tank to rotate. It consists of a power take-off, a cardan shaft, a hydraulic It consists of pump, hydraulic motor, control valve, hydraulic oil tank and cooling device. If this part stops working due to failure, the concrete storage tank will not be able to rotate, which will cause the concrete in the vehicle to be scrapped. In severe cases, the entire tank of concrete will solidify in the tank, causing the concrete mixer truck to be scrapped. Therefore, whether the driving device is reliable is an issue that must be paid great attention to during use. In order to ensure that the driving device is intact and reliable, the following maintenance work should be done:
a． The universal rotating part is a fault-prone part. Grease should be added on time, and the wear and tear should be checked frequently and repaired and replaced in time. The fleet should have a spare cardan shaft assembly to ensure that it can resume work within dozens of minutes in the event of failure.
b. Make sure the hydraulic oil is clean. The working environment of concrete mixer trucks is harsh, so sewage and sediment must be prevented from entering the hydraulic system. Hydraulic oil should be replaced regularly according to the instructions in the user manual. Once the hydraulic oil is found to be mixed with water or sediment during inspection, it is necessary to immediately shut down the hydraulic system, clean the hydraulic system, and replace the hydraulic oil. c. Ensure that the hydraulic oil cooling device is effective. The hydraulic oil radiator should be cleaned regularly to prevent the radiator from being blocked by cement. Check whether the electric fan of the radiator is operating normally to prevent the hydraulic oil temperature from exceeding the standard. As long as the hydraulic oil is clean in the hydraulic part, there will generally be few faults; however, different manufacturers have different service lifes.
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