The role of the spark plug
The spark plug basically has two major functions: one is to generate sparks in the combustion chamber to ignite the mixture to generate power. The second is to seal the spark plug hole to maintain the pressure in the cylinder.
Usually, the high-voltage electricity supplied to the spark plug from the ignition coil through the distributor plate and wires is about 20,000 to 30,000 volts. In addition, the electrode of the spark plug must always be in a high-temperature combustion chamber with a voltage of about 45 times The environment is above atmospheric pressure and must maintain extremely high air tightness. Therefore, in such a harsh environment, the quality and durability of the spark plug will directly affect the performance of the engine, so it must be taken seriously.
How the spark plug works
The ground electrode on the spark plug is connected to the metal shell through The cylinder head is threaded to the engine block. The insulator mainly plays the role of isolating the metal shell and the central electrode. The wiring nut is the part of the spark plug that is in contact with the high-voltage coil. After the current passes through the wiring nut and the central electrode, it breaks down the medium between the central electrode and the ground electrode to generate sparks, thereby igniting the mixture in the cylinder.
1. Spark
A high voltage generated by the ignition device is applied between the center electrode of the spark plug and the ground electrode, thus the insulation between the electrodes The state is destroyed to generate current, and the discharge generates sparks. The spark energy determines whether the compressed mixed gas can ignite and explode. The discharge phenomenon is completed in a very short time (about one thousandth of a second) and is extremely complex.
The function of the spark plug is to generate a strong spark between the electrodes within a specified time, which becomes the starting point of the combustion of the mixture.
2. Fire
Ignition caused by electric sparks activates combustion particles through spark discharge between electrodes and produces chemical reactions ( Acidic), and a thermal effect occurs, eventually forming a flame core. This thermal energy activates the surrounding mixture, eventually forming a flame core that expands from its center to the periphery.
The structure of the spark plug
The spark plug is mainly composed of an insulator, a wiring screw, a wiring nut, a center electrode, a shell and a side electrode. The side electrode and the shell connect. The spark plug generates electric sparks to ignite the fuel required for engine operation. Therefore, the quality of the spark plug directly affectsAffect the working effect of this engine.
From a structural point of view, the spark plug is composed of a metal shell and an insulator. The metal shell is threaded, and the spark plug is screwed to the engine cylinder. The spark plug actually works in a very high temperature place, so Spark plugs have very high requirements on materials and processes. The types of spark plugs commonly used on the market are mainly reflected in electrode materials. Commonly used electrode materials include: nickel alloy, silver alloy, platinum, iridium spark plugs and many other types.
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